Diabetes An Essential Strategy For Controlling Type 2...

Diabetes is the major cause of morbidity and mortality, and it may lead to multiple conditions (Ghafoor, Riaz, Eichorst, Fawwad Basit, 2015). The incidence of diabetes complications can be reduced if the clients are able to control their blood sugar level (BGL), thereby reducing hospital interventions and health care costs (Kewming D Amore, Eleanor Mitchell, 2016). Hence client education is said to be the corner stone of diabetes management (O’Brien, Cardwell, Nair Hardy, 2015). Diabetes self-management education (DSME) is an essential strategy for controlling Type 2 Diabetes. The DSME aims to modify lifestyle and to promote self-management practices, thereby promoting positive metabolic outcomes (Ghafoor, Riaz, Eichorst, Fawwad Basit, 2015). Rural district nurses provide diabetes education for their clients by promoting client engagement, regular assessment and encouraging clients to follow medical advice (Dunning, 2013). In my clinical setting Type 2 diabetic education is conducted by the rural nurse. Initially, the rural nurse assesses the literacy level of health consumers and family by holistic communication. Thereafter, the nurse educates the client on appropriate interventions to manage signs, symptoms and possible complications of diabetes and how to live with it (Padgett, Mumford, Hynes Carter, 2013). This involves education, usually through home visits, about control of blood glucose, medications and their side effects, appropriate diet and exercise,Show MoreRelatedDiabetes Case Study1337 Words   |  6 Pagespumps are not more effective than injections at helping people with type 1 diabetes control their blood sugar levels and people with type 2 diabetes can control their glucose level by following a healthy meal plan and losing excess weight and by taking medications. The medications will often change during the course of the disease for each person. Insulin also is usually used with type 2 diabetes to control glycaemia (National Diabetes statistics report, 2014). The people have sufficient training couldRead MoreThe Truth About Diabetes And Diabetes Essay1536 Words   |  7 Pages The Truth about Diabetes Many do not understand the dangers and complications that Diabetics go through. Some people desire to touch bases on the subject; however they do not want to tell all the details of everything that goes on, due to it being a vast detailed subject. This research paper will acknowledge the unknown factors that many do not realize contribute to where diabetes can come from, who all can get diabetes, what it can do to your body and any other unspoken details that peopleRead MoreAbstract. This Paper Will Share Some Steps Towards A Proposal1720 Words   |  7 Pagespaper will share some steps towards a proposal for a diabetes prevention program (DPP) Model. For many years, the medical community has struggled with questions about the implementation of a diabetes prevention program to offset the growing need to curb the increasing diabetes epidemic of children and adolescent in the Queens community. With ample evidence, the Kick-Start program will be helpful in preventing or delaying the on set of full-blown diabetes and helping those at risk; it will save money. Kick-StartRead MoreDiabetes : A Silent Killer1698 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Diabetes is a silent killer† (Demille 2005, p.5). It is a metabolic disorder that can result in impaired quality of life and serious complications. This study aims to understand the case of Mr. Skyler Hanson who is newly diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 that leads to diabetic ketoacidosis which was confirmed by the presence of moderate to high ketones in the urine and a high blood glucose level. It was noted that he has a history of fatigue, headache, abdominal pain, nausea and frequent urinationRead MoreDPN Case Study738 Words   |  3 PagesManagement: Management of DPN can be classified into two strategies: Etiopathogenetic treatments which target the underlying causes and pharmacological treatments to alleviate the painful symptoms of PDN and normalize physical and psychological functioning. The glycemic control: several studies showed that intensive glycemic therapy can result in a statistically insignificant reduction in the development of neuropathy. (Callaghan BC, et al 2012) Support for a positive effect of intensive treatmentRead MoreCase Study Of Diabetes1327 Words   |  6 PagesResults: The final analysis was done with the data of 236 type 2 diabetic patients in MR and HR categories based on KDIGO classification with dyslipidemia and hypertension and they were followed up for the period of one year. Of 236 patents, 115 patents were followed up intensively. The demographic, anthropometric details of the study population were presented in table 1. In both the groups’ majority of the participants were males with the diabetic duration of 12.2 and 11.5 years in group I and GroupRead MoreUnderstanding And Understanding Of The Type 2 Diabetes Essay3248 Words   |  13 PagesABSTRACT Type 2 Diabetes also known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes, the most common diabetes, affecting 95% of the 29.1 million Americans or 9.3% of the diabetic population of United States in 2012. This paper aims to provide the gaps in our understanding of the Type 2 Diabetes by examining the functions of the pancreas in controlling the sugar levels in the human body and enhance our ability to distinguish the anatomy of the human pancreas. The author also attempts a better understanding of theRead MoreThe Benefits of Reducing the Intake of Fast Food664 Words   |  3 Pageschange the behavior for the better. There are various benefits of reducing the intake of fast food, strategies and challenges of changing my behavior which will be analyzed. There are three benefits I will enjoy by reducing the fast food consumption. First, the change of the behavior will assist in improving my immunity. This is because of the fact that keeping a healthy and balanced diet is an essential aspect when it comes to strengthening the immunity. The second benefit of changing the behaviorRead MoreDiabetes : How Your Body Handles Glucose1339 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is diabetes you might ask? It’s a lifelong disease that affects how your body handles glucose, a kind of sugar, in your blood. It means the blood sugar or blood glucose is too high. If your body doesn’t make enough insulin, or insulin doesn’t work the way it should, glucose can’t get into your cells. Instead, glucose stays in your blood. Glucose comes from the food you eat. Your blood carries glucose to all the cells in your body. These cells use glucose for energy. Insulin is a hormone madeRead MoreDiabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Essay1619 Words   |  7 PagesDiabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common microvascular complications in diabetes and can result in foot ulceration, ampuation and an impaired quality of life(Carrington AL, et al 2002,Boulton AJ,et al 2004). The reported prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy ranges from 16% to as high as 66%2 and its prevelance is believed to increase with the duration of diabetes and poor glucose control.(Boulton AJ.et al 2000) It’s accounts for 50–75% of non-traumatic amputations in

Scientific and Technological Progress - 726 Words

Scientific and technological progress Its difficult to overestimate the role of science and technology in our life. They accelerate the development of civilization and help us in our co-operation with nature. Scientists investigate the laws of the universe, discover the secrets of nature, and apply their knowledge in practice improving the life of people. Lets compare our life nowadays with the life of people at the beginning of the 20th century. It has changed beyond recognition. Our ancestors hadnt the slightest idea of the trivial things created by the scientific progress that we use in our everyday life. I mean refrigerators, TV sets, computers, microwave ovens, radio telephones, what not. They would seem miracles to them that made†¦show more content†¦SCIENCE IN OUR LIFE Today we see the world in which social, industrial and political order has been greatly influenced by science.The development of science has increased mans know-ledge of nature. Modern experimental science began about 400 year ago.Man learned to use the energy of fire water.Later man made steaw serve him.Nowdays man uses thermonuclear energy and that of autimatter. Id like to dwell on electronics as not a day passes without the apearnce of a new eletronic device. The first great progress in electronics came with the invention of the vacuum tube or valve in 1904.it made broad casting possible.the development of electronics during World War II gave us radars and electronic computers. The first general purpose computer for scientific use was invented in 1949.Today computers have become common they can do fantastic things. Computer can condukt experiments in places which are too dangerous for people. Some computers are used in carves and mines to replace workers. Besides thay can be desi gned for special purposes. Thay can solve mathematical problems,make bank aubuts,play chess.New supercomputers solve problems in many branches of industry,science and culture.They are videly used in submarine navigation and in modern hospital.Now much is being done to create artificial intellect. Science has brought in to being a new atomic technologies.ElektricShow MoreRelatedHow Does Science Affect The Economy1268 Words   |  6 Pages Abstract In this paper I will discuss several aspects of scientific and technological development which have had positive impact on the economic growth, especially in the recent years - renewable energy, the internet and the miniaturization of computer technology. Further, I will point out a significant side effect of scientific progress such as brain draining and its negative economic effect on the developing countries. Read MoreQuestions On Mathematics And Physics1331 Words   |  6 Pagesmodels are based on scientific findings in nature are expressed mathematically, they are easier to verify or disprove by experiment. When the ideas and models of science are expressed in mathematical terms, they are unambiguous. The equations of science provide compact and exact expressions between relationships and concept. The methods of mathematics and experimentation have led to enormous successes in science. 2) What are the steps of the scientific method? Scientific methods generally includeRead MoreThe American Way Of War Essay1369 Words   |  6 Pagesfor moral clarity, the primacy of technology, and the centrality of scientific management systems—which combine to create a preference for decisive, large-scale conventional wars with clear objectives and an aversion to morally ambiguous low-intensity conflicts that is relevant to planners because it helps them address American strategic vulnerabilities. The current American way of war derived from cultural ideals of liberty, progress, and capitalism. Americans have sought moral clarity in war becauseRead MoreModule a961 Words   |  4 PagesCentury. Hence, an analysis of both in light of their differing contexts reveal how Shelley and Scott ultimately warn us of the dire consequences of our desire for omnipotence and unrestrained scientific progress, concepts which link the two texts throughout time. Composed in a time of major scientific developments, including Galvani’s concept of electricity as a reanimating force, Shelley’s Frankenstein utilises the creative arrogance of the Romantic imagination to fashion a Gothic world in whichRead MoreNuclear Physics : A Scientist989 Words   |  4 Pagesin regards to the unintended applications of his or her research because termination of scientific development deprives society of beneficial technological progress; discontinuation of potentially harmful research has no actual effect on the project’s overall timeline as another scientist will likely be willing to finish the research; and the moral responsibilities concerning the destructive use of scientific developments fall on government officials, not scientists. If a scientist ethically disagreesRead MoreThe Model Of Economic Growth Based On Production Functions1339 Words   |  6 Pagesassets); â€Å"H† is fixed assets of foreign origin (foreign fixed assets); â€Å"L† is the number of employed in the national economy; â€Å"z† is the rate of technological progress; â€Å"ÃŽ ²Ã¢â‚¬  is statistically evaluated parameter.With such approach Welfens and Jasinskiequate foreign fixed assets with accumulated foreign direct investment.At the same time the rate of technological progress in their interpretation depends on the four characteristics: amount of accumulated knowledge;correlation of the value of imported intermediateRead MoreThe Effects of Market Failures Essays1444 Words   |  6 Pagesthe difference between the growth of inputs and the growth of outputs and that technological progress is measured as residual-so that any problems with measuring inputs or outputs, will be transferred onto measuring technological progress. There are 2 movements on the diagram: a to b – due to the accumulation of capital and b to c – due to the growth of productivity or technical progress. The difficulty with this is that if knowledge had not changed, the movement fromRead MoreImpact of Science and Technology on the Development of Modern Civilization806 Words   |  4 Pagesfelt the technological knowledge growing out of industrial application of scientific discoveries, techniques, and methods. At the same time, the increased awareness and the understanding of nature and the enlightened attitude toward knowledge have seriously impinged upon man’s religious faith and outlook. These effects are by no means unilateral. Technological improvements lead to a society enjoying comfortable life and with more leisure time. Furthermore, these selfsame technological advances couldRead MoreSocial Reality And Its Effect On The Body Of Water Essay1328 Words   |  6 Pageswithin the economy and only focus on scientific and technological gain. Another theme would be the negative effects of continuous technological progress. While some consider scientific and technological progress a major part for the survival of humanity, there may be a threshold to progress where humans become incompatible with the various effects of progress. Note that this is referring to progress in the economic and industrial sector, not social progress. The goals and deadlines of Gattaca reachRead MoreThe Acquisition of Knowledge and the Natural Sciences1451 Words   |  6 Pagesrefuted. Despite strong belief that we possess objective facts, through research and  technological progresses, such facts become re-interpreted in light of new evidence and discoveries. Personally, discarded knowledge refers to theories or laws being dismissed as new-found information proves more accurate. However, knowledge can also be amended as it is evolves. Knowledge is often discarded or amended due to technological progresses or changing social trends. Taking bot h a natural and a human science

Ece 315 Free Essays

string(135) " wide range of emotions and are able to use appropriate labels such as mad, sad, happy, and just okay to differentiate their feelings\." EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT ECE 332 ROBERT GALLO FEBRUARY 20, 2012 Child development is a process involving developmental milestones during predictable time periods. Brain maturation lays the foundation for all other aspects of a child’s development. Growth and development of the brain is rapid, exceedingly complex, and influenced by a combination of maternal environment and genetics (Marotz, p28). We will write a custom essay sample on Ece 315 or any similar topic only for you Order Now This paper will include the developmental characteristics/milestones of preschoolers, appropriate activities that will enhance their cognitive, motor, social, emotional, and language development, and how the activities will enhance their development. Child development is a process that every child must go through. Major markers or points of accomplishments are referred to as developmental milestones in tracking the emergence of motor, social, cognitive, and language skills. They represent behaviors that appear in somewhat orderly steps and within fairly predictable age ranges for typically developing children. With developmental milestones, the child will need to develop a portion of skills before he/ she can establish new ones (Marotz, p. 26). Cognitive Development Jean Piaget called early childhood the preoperational stage of cognitive development because children this age are not yet ready to engage in logical mental operations, as they will be in the concrete operational stage in middle childhood. The preoperational stage, which lasts from approximately ages 2 to 7, is characterized by the use of symbols to represent objects and relationships among them (Rathus, p. 48). Advances in symbolic thought are accompanied by a growing understanding of causality, identities, categorization, and number. Some of these understandings have roots in infancy and toddlerhood; others begin to develop in early childhood but are not fully achieved until middle childhood (Papalia, p. 269). At this age, preschoolers: request stories with riddles, guessing, and suspense, plays realistically, experiment with things to see how they work; takes objects apart and reassembles them into â€Å"new interventions†, places eight to ten egs in a pegboard or six round and six square blocks in a form board, Attempts to draw; imperfectly copies circles, squares and some letters, sorts objects logically on the basis of one dimension; usually chooses color size as a basis for classification, identifies triangle, circle, square; can point to requested shape, listens attentively to age appropriate stories, and makes relevant comments during stories, especially those that relate to home and family events (Marotz, p. 39). Motor Development Children ages 3 to 6 make great advances in motor skills both gross motor skills, which involve the large muscles, such as running and jumping, and fine motor skills, manipulative skills involving eye-hand and small-muscle coordination, such as buttoning and drawing. They also begin to show a preference for using either the right or left hand. Motor skills do no t develop in isolation. The skills that emerge in early childhood build on the achievements of infancy and toddlerhood. Development of the sensory and motor areas of the cerebral cortex permits better coordination between what children want to do and what they can do. Their bones and muscles are stronger, and their lung capacity is greater, making it possible to run, jump, and climb farther, faster, and better (Papalia, p. 257). Preschoolers are able to: walk up and down stairs unassisted, balance momentarily on one foot, kicks a large ball, feeds self, needs minimal assistance, jumps in place, pedals a small tricycle or riding toy, catches a large bounced ball with both arms extended, enjoys swinging, shows improved control of crayons or markers, uses vertical, horizontal, and circular strokes, holds crayons or marker between first two fingers and thumb(tripod grasp), turns pages of book one at a time, enjoys building with blocks, builds a tower of eight or more blocks, begins to show hand dominance, manipulates large buttons and zippers on clothing, achieves complete bladder control, for the most part, during this time (Marotz, p. 138). Language Development The development of vocabulary proceeds at an extraordinary pace. Preschoolers learn an average of nine new words a day (Rathus, p. 158). The preschooler can use their growing vocabulary and knowledge of grammar and syntax to communicate more effectively . Children seem to form a quick hypothesis about the meaning of the word, which then is refined with further exposure and usage (Papalia, p. 269). Word learning does not occur gradually but is better characterized as a process of fast mapping in which the child quickly attaches a new word to its appropriate concept. There is a grammar explosion during the third year. Children’s sentence structure expands to include the word’s missing in telegraphic speech. Usually between the ages of 3 and 4, children show knowledge of rules for combining phrases and clauses into complex sentences and add an array of articles, conjunctions, adjectives, pronouns, and propositions to their vocabulary (Rathus, p. 159). Preschoolers talk about objects, events, and people not present, talks about the actions of others, adds information to what has just been said, answers simple question appropriately, asks many questions, particularly about location and identity of objects and people, uses an increasing number of speech form that keep conversation going, calls attention to self, objects, or events in the environment, promotes the behavior of others, joins in social interaction rituals, comments about objects and ongoing events, recites nursery rhymes, sings songs, uses understandable speech most of the time, produces expanded noun phrases, answers questions dealing with familiar objects and events(Marotz, p. 141). Social and Emotional Development In early childhood, children’s sense of self develops and grows more complex. They begin to acquire a sense of their own and abilities and their increasing mastery of the environment. In the preschool years, children continue to develop their sense of self. Almost as soon as they speak, they describe themselves in terms of certain categories such as age grouping and sex. One category of self-concept is self-esteem. Children with high self-esteem are more likely to be securely attached and have parents who are attentive to their needs. They are more likely to show prosocial behavior9Rathus, p. 174). Preschoolers express a wide range of emotions and are able to use appropriate labels such as mad, sad, happy, and just okay to differentiate their feelings. You read "Ece 315" in category "Essay examples" During this age, children’s emotional states are very situation-specific and can change as rapidly as they switch from one activity to another. As children develop from three-year-olds into five-year-olds, there is an increasing internalization and regulation over their emotions. As three-, four-, and five-year-olds acquire new cognitive and language skills, they learn to regulate their emotions and to use language to express how they and others feel. Their emotions are very connected to the events and feelings that are occurring at that moment (Seefeldt, Wasik, p. 46). Preschoolers seem to understand taking turns but is not always willing to do so, laughs frequently; is friendly and eager to please, has occasional nightmares and fears about the dark, monsters or fire, joins in simple games and group activities, talks to self often, identifies self as boy or girl, uses objects symbolically in play, observes other children playing; might join in for a short time; often plays parallel to other children, defends toys and possessions; is becoming aggressive at times, engages in make believe play alone and with other children, shows affection toward children who are younger or children who get hurt, might continue to have a special blanket, stuffed animal, or toy for comfort (Marotz, p. 142). Activities that will enhance cognitive development is I Spy (colors, shapes, textures, and so on), board games such as Memory, candy land or connect four , and simple puzzles. Motor activities may include dancing, pretend play, or riding tricycles, scooters, and pul ling wagons. Language activities are reading the child’s favorite books, letting child be the storyteller, or simply engaging in conversation while asking questions. Musical activities, books or stories that deal with emotions, worries, and so on, and writing or drawing about what the child is feeling. Through music and movement young children express themselves, explore space, develop language and communication skills, increase sensory awareness, and express themselves through rhythm, gesture, time, and space. Recent neuropsychology research suggests that music and movement integrate the functions of both hemispheres of the brain and contribute to the language, social/emotional, cognitive, and physical development of young children. Music is one of the basic intelligences possessed by all humans and, as such, is an aspect of human potential. There is a musical impulse in young children, and their potential and aptitude for music are nurtured by the musical environment provided to them during infancy and early childhood. Music activities require neither specific skills nor competence, and all children are able to participate at varying levels of involvement from listening, to singing, to active movement (Eliason, p. 353). Music skills such as rhythm, meter, pitch, and tone are introduced to young children through music. Music enhances a sense of belonging to and functioning within a group. When responding to music and movement, the whole child is involved with voice, body, and emotions: listening, singing, moving to the beat, playing instruments, and imitating simple movements of objects or concepts. Learning music and words together, often accompanied by hand and body motions, is a wonderful way to wire brain connections for children’s learning. Reading and singing are closely connected; reading lyrics while singing also helps to develop reading and language skills. Additionally, it has long been recognized that music is a valuable memorization tool (Eliason, p. 353). Play promotes significant mental or cognitive skills. Research on brain growth and development supports the need for active and stimulating play for all children. Play gives the child opportunities to express thoughts and ideas. It provides occasions to organize, plan, solve problems, reason, try out solutions and skills, create and explore. According to the work of Piaget, play allows children to construct knowledge through assimilation, acquiring information through experiences, as well as through accommodation or modification of an existing point of view because information cannot be integrated into a particular scheme of understanding. Play contributes to the child’s development of imaginative thinking. Play enables children to formulate ideas and then to test them. Much skill development occurs through play. During play, children have the opportunity to develop their senses of touch, taste, smell, sound, and sight to assimilate new stimuli. In addition, their attention spans are expanded as they stay on task and remain attentive to activities in which they are involved (Eliason, p. 25). Play assists communication, language, and literacy development. Many researchers think that communication skills are developed in part through peer play and the need for children to communicate with each other in their play. Play stretches the vocabulary and expands language development by providing opportunities to use new words, converse with playmates, listen to another’s language and point of view, learn new semantics (meanings of words), and hear and subsequently use new syntax (parts of speech). Play synthesizes previous experiences and thoughts, allowing children to piece them together. Because children plan, communicate, listen, read, and write in their play, it offers the right conditions for learning language and literacy skills. Play also fosters creativity and aesthetic appreciation, which can influence the way children think and solve problems (Eliason, p. 26). Play promotes physical–motor development. Play is active; children are never passive recipients. Children use their bodies and increase large-muscle dexterity as they run, climb, skip, hop, jump, throw, and catch. Play, therefore, provides the exercise and physical activity needed to strengthen and coordinate children’s muscles and bodies. Children need play for health reasons. According to the American Heart Association, the U. S. obesity epidemic is currently affecting even young children, with more than 10% of 2- to 5-year-olds being overweight. The physical activity of play facilitates release of stress and helps children manage feelings in a positive way. Through physical play, children can learn appropriate ways to display aggression and other assertive behaviors without hurting themselves or others (Eliason, p. 27). Play encourages positive emotional development. Play affects the child’s motivation. It is the means for fostering a healthy personality, and it provides the opportunity for each child to discover the self. Play lets children express thoughts and ideas and try out ways of behaving and feeling. Play experiences provide safe avenues for expressing both positive and negative emotions. As they express thoughts and ideas, children can learn and be directed to the most positive ways of handling their emotions through support and reinforcement by both peers and teachers (Eliason, p. 27). There are many meaningful and remarkable benefits of stories in the lives of preschoolers; they open minds to understanding, touch hearts, and capture imaginations. Stories help children to make sense and meaning of the things that they are taught. When ideas and concepts are taught with stories, they are remembered. Stories have a powerful effect because they not only impart ideas, concepts, and information and describe people, events, and places, but they also engage emotions. Through stories we exchange experiences and feelings. Stories clarify what is being taught and enable children to make sense and meaning of what the teacher is trying to teach (Eliason, p. 45). In conclusion, the developmental characteristics/milestones of preschoolers, appropriate activities that enhanced their cognitive, motor, social, emotional, and language development, and how the activities enhanced their development were discussed. Children in the stage of early childhood need a strong base of experiences that will provide a foundation for later learning. Children need experiences that encourage them to manipulate, explore, use their senses, uild, create, discover, construct, take apart, question, and ultimately understand the world in which they are living. They must be active, engaged, and involved in their learning. The larger the stock of experiences, the more meaning that they develop, the more elaborate is their map, and, ultimately, the clearer their thinking (Eliason, p. 41) REFERENCES: Allen, K. Marotz, L. , (2010) Developmental Profiles: Pre-birth through Twelve Papalia, D. , Olds, S. Feldman, R. (2010) A Childs World, Infancy through Adolescence, 11th Edition, McGraw Hill Rathus, S. A. (2011) CDEV 2010-2011 Edition. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth CENGAGE Learning Seefeldt, C, Wasik, B. A. (2006) Early Education: Three, Four, and Five Year Olds Go to School How to cite Ece 315, Essay examples

Crime Deviance and Society-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Do you believe Merton's theory, especially the concept of the innovator adequately explains why some people engage in Criminal behaviour. Identifya recent Australian example. 2.What are Moral Panics? Identify a recent Australian example, where you have seen discussed in the Median and Explain how and why this example evolved to become a moral panic. 3.Identify a recent Australian example, where you have seen discussed in the Media and Explain how and why this example supports the statement above Statement. Answers: 1.Merton was an American sociologist who expanded the Strain theory of criminal indulgence. According to the theory provided by him pressure is created by socially accepted goals upon the individuals of a society. Individuals are abetted to operate in the system or become a part of a deviant subculture for the purpose of achieving the goals they want (White, Haines Asquith 2012). This belief provided by Merton became famous as the strain theory. In addition the theory states that when a gap is created between the individuals and the desired goals and their present position because of money related matters the concept of strain originates. When people are subjected to strain there are five ways in which people try to adapt. Firstly they want to pursue their goals via those means which have been approved by the society. They also use innovations which makes them use unconventional or unapproved ways to achieve culturally approved goals. They can indulge in ritualism through which they can achieve more modest goals. Through the process of retreatism they do not want to achieve cultural goals and want to escape it. And through rebellion they do not want the cultural goals and find a way so that they can be replaced. I believe that although the theory does not comprehensively provide a reason as to why people indulge in criminal activities its findings cannot be rejected. It is fact they socially an individual would be want to be a respected in the society and in the contemporary would this only happens when a person is rich. Thus to gain such resources people innovate ways which may either be legal or criminal. One of the examples of the application of the Innovator aspect of the theory has been stated through ABC News (2017). Here four individuals were found to be deal in drugs through social media in South Australia which is a latest innovation. Out of the four arrested 2 were below the age of 25 and the other two were below the age of 30 and it is clear that no t achieving social goals made them innovate criminal activities. 2.A moral panic can be defined as a feeling of anxiety and fear which is spread among a number of individuals in the society with respect to some threat or evil to the societys well-being. According to White, Haines Asquith (2012) social panic is the process which creates worry over problems related to the society. The key payers who disseminate moral indignation are media although they do not apprehend to engage consciously in Muckraking and crusading. Panic, anxiety and concern can be created through the process of simply stating the facts. According to Reid (2015) moral panic takes place when an individual, a group, an episode or a condition is defined as a threat to the values and interest of the society. A few examples of moral panic may include satanic cults indulging in ritual abuse of children and women belief in abduction of children in a large scale by predatory paedophiles and war on drugs. According to The Guardian (2017) stopping boat people to enter Australia has been a necessary measure. Boat people include those groups and individuals who are entering Australia through boats and are asylum seekers. Analyzing the statement of the media in the light of the moral theory it can be provided that a moral panic may be created within the Australian community through the news. I believe this is because the community would be anxious over the Australian national way of life and identity along with fear of concerns of multiculturalism and Asian invasion. The statement of fact made by the media would be enough to create moral panic among the society. They would be concerned about increased crime in the society as well as the increased expenses of the government. Therefore it can be stated that any statement which apprehends to be detrimental to the society can be a cause of moral panic creation. In addition media plays a significant role in creating moral panic. 3.According to Weisburd (2015) crime and deviance is created by the ruling class as they use their powers as a mean of social control according to which if you do not comply you are going to be punished. The ruling class has the power of making law and thus they enact provisions which are primarily for their own interest. These laws may therefore not sever their actual purpose of ensuring peace and justice in the society. The primary concern in relation to such rule class law making is in the area of human rights such as the right of freedom of speech and the right to property. The white collar crimes which are indulged into by the eminent and powerful individuals and groups of the society are ignored by the ruling class. On the other had criminal activities which are committed by less powerful members of the society for social needs such as street crimes and burglary are given increased focus. According to the theory there are different policies for different social classes. Where w hite collar crimes are generally governed under the provisions of civil law, crime like street crimes and theft are governed by criminal law. In civil law those who violate can escape by paying fines and penalties but this is not the case in criminal law. Those who are doing nominal theft are being seriously punished and those who are stealing millions through the process of corporate fraud are roaming free by paying fines and penalties. One of the classic examples I would provide of this is that the breach of directors duties only results in civil penalty provisions. On classic example of the theory is the anti terrorism laws enacted by the Australian parliament (ABC News 2017). The laws apprehend to restrict the freedom of expression and speech so that no voice can be raised against the government. It is therefore clear in this case the government is enacting laws in the favor of the ruling class which is themselves and the detriment of the general public. References ABC News. (2017). Drug deals on social media targeted by SA police. [online] Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-08-03/drug-dealing-social-media-four-arrests/7684298 [Accessed 30 Oct. 2017]. ABC News. (2017). New anti-terror laws 'could endanger freedom of speech'. [online] Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-10-17/5820558 [Accessed 30 Oct. 2017]. Reid, S.T., 2015. Crime and criminology. Wolters Kluwer Law Business. The Guardian. (2017). Australian immigration and asylum | Australia news | The Guardian. [online] Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/australian-immigration-and-asylum [Accessed 30 Oct. 2017]. Weisburd, D., 2015. The law of crime concentration and the criminology of place.Criminology,53(2), pp.133-157. White, R, Haines, F Asquith, N 2012, Marxist criminology, in Crime and criminology, 5th edn, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, pp. 118141.

The Walt Disney Company and Diversification Essay Example

The Walt Disney Company and Diversification Essay Disneyland and Citigroup Vanshika Vanshika. [emailprotected] edu. in (0-8098530866) â€Å"For a company that has taken its original or main business as far as it can go, diversification as a means of channeling surplus resources should certainly be considered. For a company that has not yet developed its main business to the full potential, however, diversification is probably one of the riskiest strategic choices that can be made. – Kenichi Ohmae, Former Head of McKinsey Co’s Tokyo Corporate diversification refers to companies pursuing several unrelated lines of businesses as a strategy for reducing business risk without (hopefully) affecting returns. Diversification has its own benefit for the companies some of which can be strategic while others may be purely financial in nature. There are a few reasons why companies choose to diversify – 1. Synergy – When companies merge, they can best utilize their resources to reduce operating costs. Better managem ent practices from a high end to low end can be shared in business for overall growth. Through pooled financial resources and risks, efficiencies can be enhanced. 2. Market Power – There is high chance of an increase in market share with two companies coming together but it may not result to increased profits. 3. Profit Stability – With core business being seasonal, it ensures that other business could lead to better stability in terms of corporate profits. 4. Financial Performance – It improves as the core business sustains itself on its money making ventures and utilizes that cash flow to form new ventures that cause additional profits. 5. Growth – It is a principle reason for diversification which is quick due to pooled in technology and experience. It definitely makes more sense to diversify when the core product line has an uncertain future. Also, it indicates that the market risks get spread with diversification. History has shown success is not guaranteed with diversification. While companies like GE successfully diversified, making turbojet engines to healthcare products, many others like Citigroup failed miserably at their attempt. This article takes a couple of examples from the corporate history for better understanding of the issue. We will write a custom essay sample on The Walt Disney Company and Diversification specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Walt Disney Company and Diversification specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Walt Disney Company and Diversification specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Walt Disney Company Disney means much more to its customers than just the amusement parks, movies, TV shows or books. Disney is the seamless synergies of its crazily diverse businesses. Their thoughtful diversification strategies have built them loyal customers, even the smallest ones, for whom there is no substitute to Disney products. They began diversifying very early from 1930s. They diversified from movies and cartoons into music. Their synergistic diversification of utilizing the best of technology in market to their benefit created a tremendous impact on the world of entertainment and motion pictures. They came up with the theme park concept which is the synergy between diverse businesses. Disneyland was far ahead on Porter’s philosophy of the attributes present in successful diversification efforts. What they did not lose while diversification and ultimately helped them being successful in diversification were their features. First, ‘Control‘over their characters that they retained. ‘Leadership’, which was quite innovative helped them focus on synergies. Hence, Disney understands diversification properly. Their creative use of diversification holds the potential of building a huge amount of shareholder value. Citigroup The combination of Citicorp and Travelers Group to form Citigroup had its set of downfall of the merger. Loss of synergies due to restructuring of Citigroup led to competitors of each individual group not participating with them. There was also lack of guarantee that the new relationship would work better and in their favor. Due to ethical dilemma to share the database of each other’s customers’ history, it perceived high risk. It was important to not misuse the customers’ profile and asset information to avoid diseconomies of scale. Another pitfall came from the conflicts in the interests of the two individual companies where they incurred huge losses on big money making deals due to less profitable customers. A significant loss in efficiency due to product bundling makes us rethink about it. Each company may have had better pre-merger prices of their business which could have attracted more customers rather than post merger price which would be high due to additional switching costs. Lastly, the Chiefs from different branches may have different goals and opinions to make it big. The discomfort in case of Citigroup during the formation of new co-CEOs likely led to an advantage to their competitors. Thus, we have seen two cases above illustrating benefits and downfalls of getting into the idea of diversification. It may not be right to say that diversification will always guarantee a success or a failure but it is restrained to a lot of factors which if suitably analyzed, can help a company decide whether to diversify or not. It seems that cross selling can be a nice idea to see success, where one of them possesses high capital customers and another has more products to offer References – Grant Robert M. – Strategic Management 6th Edition Pg 393 http://www. mgmtguru. com/mgt499/TN8. htm http://faculty. haas. berkeley. edu/meghan/299/Case_analysis_Disney2. pdf Biles Lee, Julian Isaac, Tristan Sergio – Citigroup A paper submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the course of Managerial Economics (Fall 2002)

The Lady with the Pet Dog Comparison Essays

The Lady with the Pet Dog Comparison Essays The Lady with the Pet Dog Comparison Essay The Lady with the Pet Dog Comparison Essay The two stories of The Lady with the Pet Dog, by Anton Chekhov and Joyce Carol Oates are extremely similar in plot. They are both about a love affair between two married people and each couple discovering true love. However, these stories are completely different for one reason, their perspective. Chekhovs and Oatess versions of the story are told from the opposite point of view of each couple. Each situation, because told for a different point of view, allows for an alternative interpretation in the story. Chekhovs protagonist, Gurov, at the beginning of the story is a rough, arrogant, and immature person, a fact he is well aware of. His attitude toward women in general is indifferent. He refers to women as the inferior race. And his attitude toward Anna Sergeyevna in particular is just as insensitive. After he meets with her for the first time, he considers her as something pathetic. Since the story is told largely through his point of view, Gurov leads the direction of the plot. He is the one who pursues the relationship with Anna, and, after their first encounter, follows her to Moscow to  continue  their affair. The fact that he is pursuing her contradicts his feelings in past of his affairs. He would generally grow bored of these women rather quickly. This change became very clear after Gurov returned to his family, but he could think of nothing but Anna. At the end of the story, Gurov realizes he is truly in love for the first time, with Anna, which opens him up to greater, more tender emotions in himself. While we do get a small glimpse of Anna’s internal emotions through her dialogue, she is seen mostly through Gurovs examinations of her. Towards the very end of the story, she basically stops speaking altogether, which pretty much means that in Gurovs imagination, they have completely joined together. Joyce Carol Oatess version reimagines the story through Annas eyes. The setting is also set in New York. Unlike Chekhovs Gurov, Oatess protagonist is passive. She does more of the following as the story progresses and does not direct the action in the plot. Oates directs most of the action in her version through the characters interior emotions. Oatess Anna is a hysterical character. She has suicidal thoughts, has  a melodramatic self-image, and is full of self-loathing. Even though Oatess version has been updated, she maintains many of the same characteristics that Chekhov displayed in his character of the late 1800s. This is an interesting aspect of the Oates’s story because considering that a woman during the 1970s might have a different attitude toward adultery than a woman in the 1800s. Another way that Oatess version of the story differs for Chekhovs version is the subtext from â€Å"Anna’s† perspective is completely different. While Chekhovs character discovers real love for another human being for the first time in his life, and experiences the ultimate sacrifice that involves it, Oatess protagonist begins to love herself for the first time. Gurovs love is about his partner, but Oatess Anna takes her back to self. These two stories offer a very interesting look into two people’s perspective of the same situation. Chekhov gives you the chance to see a man who was generally ambiguous when it came to love, but grew to understand it. He also learned how to love and how to look outside his own selfishness. Oates’s story takes a modern twist on Chekhov’s story. She gives you the opportunity to see how the story looks from the woman’s perspective. Oates’s story was more about self-discovery and learning how to love one’s self. The woman at the beginning of the story hated herself and through the affair learned how to change that, while Gurov was in love with himself, and learned how to truly love someone else.

Favourite piece of classical music(critical review) Essay

Favourite piece of classical music(critical review) - Essay Example Tensions seem melodic that they render my appreciation grow with intense curiosity from one level on to the next as if a wide-eyed scene shut into suspense. It is as if a particular story were being weaved movement upon movement like an act in a play, while the tempo brings indications where tragedy must come in, the point to remain as such or otherwise jolt-free as though there were magical winds. With its unique style, the sound of antiquity becomes special that I suddenly feel the ease to span out of my modern musical inclination and reconcile with it each aspect of distortion and fluidity therein. As a consequence of a well-arranged composition, it seems there is automatic connection somewhere with the perfectly climatic lute instrumentation. I could sense that others watching with me at the time are being made repeatedly optimistic in the process, not initially expecting to have tuned the symphonies in as eventful as it is wonderfully tragic along the transformation of tamed notes to voracious ones, worthy of encore. In the process, it is particularly captivating to have experienced the detailed rhythmic approach of the Passamezzo della Battaglia  which splendidly attempts to be classic in every way effecting a pitch very much congruous with good-humored facial expressions of the musicians. Having studied European history, I could imagine how lute dynamics had been deemed necessary in the type of secular culture between the medieval and renaissance periods. It is such a momentous performance for the celebrated lute players assuredly filled with inspiration that in my entrancement brings across invisible waves of tunes in fluid rush marked by certain jest. I come snapping back to reality every time as if from subconsciously stepping onto a whole new dimension where imaginings just soar and spirits are lifted to cosmic heights. It is I suppose all about each musician’s craft with his lute that defines and sets his style apart from a traditional

Effect of foreign direct investment in the banking sector on the Research Proposal

Effect of foreign direct investment in the banking sector on the Libyan banking industry - Research Proposal Example n investor can â€Å"alter the way of doing business† for the new company including change of name, nature of doing business or the products on offer (Froot26-27). According to Barclay, firms mostly multinationals engage in Foreign Direct Investment with the aim of â€Å"increasing profitability and also increasing its global presence† (101). It is also aimed at minimising risk that is inherent in international business operations. A firm that engages in FDI stands a better chance of surviving in turbulent economic times if it operates in more than one market. A firm may also engage in FDI to â€Å"check the expansion of a local competitor into a new market† (Barclay 77). The aim is to prevent the local competitor from gaining a foothold in a foreign market and then using its newly acquired status and resources to destabilize the local market. Martinez says that Libya is a country in the African continent with a â€Å"fairly complicated history† (81). It has evolved from decades of misrule, revolutions among other national evils. It has for a long time been accused of sponsoring terrorist activities, and was listed among the axis of evil by the American government. Libya was put under the microscope by the United Nations after it was accused of sheltering the suspects accused of the Lockerbie bombing. Consequently it was put under UN sanctions and this severely affected its economy. Today Libya is one of the â€Å"emerging economic giants in Africa courtesy of its abundant oil resources† (Ham 35). It has also normalised its relations with the west and the UN lifted its economic sanctions after the Arab state complied with the set demands. Libya has a population of around 6 million people and a GDP of $21 billion. It has carried out extensive private and public sector reforms to encourage foreign investors so as to spur the local economy. â€Å"The banking industry in Libya is fairly complicated† (Collard 71-72). Due to the embargo that was put by the UN and other

Hoarding Disorder Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Hoarding Disorder - Research Paper Example In comparison, OCD has a lifetime prevalence of 1% to 2% of the American population. Between 25% to 30% of patients with OCD meet medical hoarding disorder criteria (Brauer et al., 2011). Two key treatment options exist for hoarding disorder: medication and CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy). Medication is often the first line of cure even when the clinical practitioner recommends CBT. SSRI (Selective Seratonin Reuptake Inhibitors) medications are the most common medications prescribed for those with compulsive hoarding (Steketee and Frost, 2013). Examples of SSRI are venlafaxine and paroxetine, which the sufferer normally takes high amounts of for a minimum of three months. CBT is a common treatment for OCD as trials that apply conventional CBT methods also apply to hoarding disorder. However, reports of responses to CBT by compulsive hoarders reveal poor responses and success rates (Brauer et al., 2011). Alternatively, intensive CBT with a skilled therapist in the course of an extended period can help alleviate hoarding disorder. Physicians often administer CBT for compulsive hoarders in six sessions. A third but uncommon treatment option for compulsive hoarding is intervention. Overall interventions for OCD include EBP (Evidence-Based Practice) treatments and regimens, which are also applicable in the treatment of hoarding disorder. EBP and regimens can be in the form of therapy strategies and medications. The latest EBP treatments tackle a crucial but generally under-studied psychological health issue like hoarding disorder that physicians are not ready to treat (Muroff et al., 2011). EBP treatment methods are special and path breaking in the sense that they are manual-based treatments. EBP treatments further measure the intensity of hoarding amongst suffers to accomplish three key outcomes: knowledge expansion, skill attainment and devotion, and involvement in and gratification with

Impact of Financial Leverage on Firm Value

Impact of Financial Leverage on Firm Value Introduction If there is debt in a companys capital, such a company is termed leveraged or geared company. A gearing ratio demonstrates the relationship between fixed interest and equity capital in the finance of a business Measured: Fixed Interest Capital OR Fixed Interest Capital Capital Employed Equity The financial lever is a norm in measuring the scale of using debt in the firms capital structure. One of the most important issues in financial discussions is obtaining a blend of capital structure which has the most attractions for the investors. The structure of capital is a required link between debt and the equity that provides financial needs for preparing the companys properties. STATEMENT OF RESEARCH QUESTION There is a negative and significant correlation between financial leverage and firm. 1.There is a negative and significant correlation between financial leverage and earnings per share 2.There is a negative and significant correlation between financial leverage and price earnings ratio. 3.There is a negative and significant correlation between financial leverage and returns to equity. 4.There is a negative and significant correlation between financial leverage and operating profit. WHY INTERESTING The above research questions are interesting as they will address the following: Provide answer on the impact of gearing on the firms value; reconcile the argument as to whether financial leverage has relationship with earning per share; the level of correlation between financial leverage and price earnings ratio as well as operational profit. The questions will also seek to highlight the risks associated with leverage. Relation to previous research (Theoretical Framework) CAPITAL STRUCTURE THEORIES A companys capital structure shows all the sources of finance a company is utilizing to finance its operations. Capital structure refers to how a company finances its operations and it is usually made up of: Ordinary share capital Preference share capital Debt capital. There are two main theories about the effect of changes in gearing on the WACC and share value. There are: a.The traditional view b.The net operating income approach For which a behavioral justification was proposed by Franco Modigliani and Melton H. Miller (M M) in 1958 (Gitman, 2006). TRADITIONAL VIEW The traditional view states that debt capital is cheaper than equity and that such a company can increase its value by borrowing up to a reasonable limit (the optimal level of gearing). Return Kw Ke Kd P GEARING With the traditional theory, the following assumptions hold sway: Â   1.The cost of debt will remain constant until a significant point is reached when it would start to rise. 2.The WACC will fill immediately an external source of finance is introduced and will bring thereafter as the level of gearing increases. 3.The companys market value and the market value per share will be maximized where WACC is at the lowest point. M-MS SUPPORT OF THE OPERATING INCOME APPROACH The original normative theory of company valuation and capital structure was put forward in form of a behavioral justification of the Net Operating Income Approach by Franco Modigliani and Melton H. Miller (M-M) in 1958 (Gitman, 2006). To appreciate the propositions by M-M, it will be better to understand the M-M assumptions which are stated below. From these assumptions, M-M set out their three propositions. PROPOSITION I This states that a company cannot change the total value of its securities just by splitting its cash flow into different streams; the companys value is determined by its real assets, not by the securities it issues. Thus, capital structure is irrelevant if the companys investment decisions are taken as given. PROPOSITION II The expected rate of return on the equity of a geared company increases in proposition to the debt-equity ratio (debt/equity), expressed in market values; the rate of increase depends on the spread between the expected rate of return on a portfolio of all the companys securities, and the expected return on the debt. PROPOSITION III This provides a rule for optimal investment policy by the company: The cut off point for investment in the company will in all cases be the WACC and will be completely unaffected by the types of security used to finance the investment. Consequently, if the first two propositions hold, the cut-off rate used to evaluate investments will not be affected by the type of funding used to finance them, whatever may be the capital structure. The gain from using debt (at lower cost) is offset by the increased cost of equity (due to increased risk) and WACC therefore remains unchanged. Proposed methods STATEMENT OF METHOD Secondary data from financial database will be used. To determine the impact of leverage on the value of firm, a thorough study will be taken on each entity in the integrated chain. My choice of the above data collection method rested on their validity and research question. I also consider them to be less costly in relation to others. The study will try to integrate various academic literatures and examine the impact of financial leverage on the value of firms. Therefore, I shall obtain unbalanced panel comprising 25 companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange for the period ranging from 2001- 2010 with relevant information over the last years. These firms and their published accounts will be used to determine the variable that will be stated. CHOICE OF THEORY There are two basic theories about the impact of financial leverage on firms value; the traditional theory and the Modigliani Millers theory. I shall base my study on the theory which seem more realistic with empirical fact. CAPITAL STRUCTURE In the academic literature, there two possible indictors of capital structure, namely, debt-equity ratio, defined as total debt divided by book value of common equity, and a ratio of debt total assets. In this analysis, the ratio of debt to common equity will be used. This will be more useful to explain the choice of a capital structure as compared to the ratio of debt to total assets. This variable shall be denoted as CS in our analysis. DATA COLLECTION The collection tools for the research project includes: Financial times statistical data from Nigerian Stock Exchange, Augusto rating on debt Equity Companies, Financial Index Journal. Others tool include the companys annual reports and account, the internet, financial newspaper particularly, Thisday, Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria (ICAN) journals, Financial Standard, Business Times and some other foreign journal consulted at various library. The testing technique to be employed is regression and correlation analysis with the chi-square X2 distribution, which allows comparisons of an actual observed distribution with a hypothesized or expected distribution. This method is often referred to as a goodness of fit test. SAMPLE FRAME The secondary data above will be used in addition to the financial statement and Accounts of selected companies: Nigerian Breweries Plc, Pharma Deko Plc and Evans Medicals Plc. The result of the investigation will be analyzed and tested. The firm size shall be determined by its log of sales as published in their financial statements. Firms turnover as a percentage of capital employed will be used in our model. It is often argued that performance is a function of firm size and if we are to make a regression model with performance as response variable, it is important to incorporate firm size in our model. Firm size may be positively or negatively related to leverage. Odeleye (2014) come forward with the idea that large firms may exercise economies of scale, have better knowledge of markets and can employ better management personnel. Firm size also measures a firms market power or level of concentration within the industry. Reflections Finance: The execution of this project required substantial financial outlay. The sourcing and gathering of data, paying working visit to firm, conducting enquiry to the operations of the company and packaging available information into coherent project, required funding. Time: It takes time to conduct inquiry, investigation as well as gather, compile analysis and interprets data and then organizes them into a research work. The researcher worked under severe constraints of time as there was a deadline for the submission of the project. Attitude of the Practitioner: Although some information was readily provided by staff of the organization, a few other relevant ones were considered as confidential and strenuous efforts had to be made to collect some of the information that were regarded as confidential. Altogether, the limitations were so severe as to vitiate the research outcome, more especially because the researcher managed to overcome the obstacle. Physically, only some selected leveraged companies in manufacturing activities as an option for growth enhancement of market are included to minimize the expenses. Another limitation is that not all leveraged companies turn out to be successful in relation to market values; this research does not cover those companies. I obtained all the necessary information I needed for empirical analysis considering the advanced nature of the financial reporting of the firms under review which confounds to international standard? The financial regulation in Nigeria might not be up to date with respect to submission of financial statement. The gathering of data from some of the companys department required some payment. This expenses which was budgeted for constituted a challenge, yet there was a possibility of missing some data which is not found on the financial statement of the companies. This study was carried out with a sample of firms listed on the Nigeria Stock Exchange. The first empirical obstacle will be the availability of data for a minimum of ten trading years for the firms under study. The financial regulations in Nigeria require firms to submit their audited financial statements as well as certain information regarding their firms value. However, the data submitted by firms are in hard copy format and they are thus stored at the companys department in paper format. Given that availability is limited to hard copies, I feel that I will need to bear into mind the time factor involved in the manual gathering of relevant data. Moreover, data regarding a single company might be in different volumes and this might involve delay out of proportion in this assignment. Timetable July 2015 Proposal Submission August 2015 Proposal Approval September/October 2015 Literature review November 2015 submission and amendment of chapter 1based on examiners approval/comment December 2015 submission and amendment of chapter 2 based on examiners approval/comment January 2016 submission and amendment of chapter 3 and 4 based on examiners approval/comment February 2016 submission and amendment of chapter 5 based on examiners approval/comment March 2016 Proof reading, final editing, printing/binding and project submission References Akinsulire, O. (2002), Financial Management 2002. COEMOL Nig. Ltd Gitman, L. (2006). Leverage and Capital Structure (4TH Ed). Boston: Pearson Anderson Wiley. Odeleye, A. (2014) Corporate Financing and Efficiency of Indigenous Energy Firms in Nigeria: A literature Review. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy. 4(1).

Reflective Research Paper -- Essays Papers

Reflective Research Paper Gender biases are a problem in many schools and gender equity has been used to help remove those biases. Equity refers to having equal expectations and treating students of different sexes and cultural backgrounds equally. Gender biases have been a problem in education for years. In the past boys and girls have had different expectations when it comes to education. Boys have generally been taught to take leadership roles and girls to take more passive roles. In recent years gender equity has helped remove gender biases from the classroom, giving boys and girls a more equal type of education. In 1972 Congress passed Title IX, which forbids any type of gender discrimination in an educational setting that is receiving federal financing (Ryan & Cooper, 2000). Educators David and Myra Sadker say boys and girls have very different educations even though they use the same textbooks, sit in the same classrooms, and have the same teachers (Weiss, 2001). Unfortunately gender biases still exist in classrooms and boys seem to benefit from them more than girls. The Sadker’s research shows that teachers tend to call on boys more than girls. They say this is because boys are more assertive and demand more attention by speaking out of turn to the teacher (Weiss, 2001). When girls call out answers it is shown teachers are more likely to point out their inappropriate behavior and not answer them, where boys generally do not get redirected and get better feedback from the teachers than girls do. Boys may also tend to have more interactions with teachers than girls and are more likely to dominate the classroom (Ryan & Cooper, 2000). Teachers have also been shown to praise boys for doing we... ...Premier: EBSCOhost Item: 3588728 Callas, D. (1993). Differences in mathematics achievement between males and females. [Online]. Community College Review, 21 62-66. Article from MasterFILE Premier: EBSCOhost Item: 9410121136 Girls' math/science education. (1998). [Online]. Education Digest, 63, 42-47. Article from: MasterFILE Premier: EBSCOhost Item: 80903 Levi, L. (2000). Gender equity in mathematics education. [Online]. Teaching Children Mathematics, 7, 101-107. Article from: MasterFILE Premier: EBSCOhost Item: 3774258 Reys, R., E., Lindquist, M., M., Lambdin, D., V., Smith, N., L., & Suydam, M., N. (2001). Helping children learn mathematics. New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc. Weiss, R., P. (2001). Gender-biased learning. [Online]. Training and Development, 55, 42-46. Article from: MasterFILE Premier: EBSCOhost Item: 3975000